From: Teens
Turning Green
The Dirty Thirty is a list of 30 chemical ingredients that may be linked to cancer.
Many have been banned by the European Union on suspicion of their toxicity. What
you may not know is that many of the biggest manufacturers of these products reformulate
without these chemicals for the European market, but continue to manufacture with
these potentially dangerous chemicals for the US market. Our hope is that you will
use this list to help navigate your new purchases, and use your buying power to
protect your right to health and a healthy world.
This list was compiled by Teens for Safe Cosmetics based on a survey of over 500
teens who named the products and brands they were using daily. In collaboration
with a chemist, the ubiquitous chemicals were investigated for their potential harm
to our health. Click here to download a pdf of the Dirty Thirty.
- ALUMINUM ZIRCONIUM and OTHER ALUMINUM COMPOUNDS
Function: Used to control sweat and odor in the underarms by slowing
down the production of sweat.
Present in: Antiperspirants. Banned by EU.
Health concerns: Linked to the development of Alzheimer’s
Disease; may be linked to breast cancer; probable neurotoxin; possible nervous system,
respiratory, and developmental toxin.
- BENZYL ACETATE
Function: Solvent; hidden within "fragrance."
Present in: Many cosmetics and personal care products, read labels.
Health concerns: Linked to pancreatic cancer; easily absorbs into
skin causing quick systemic effects; animal studies show hyperemia of the lungs;
possible gastrointestinal, liver, and respiratory toxicant; possible neurotoxin.
- BENZALKONIUM CHLORIDE and BENZETHONIUM CHLORIDE
Function: Antimicrobial agent, deodorant, preservative, biocide.
Present in: Moisturizer, sunscreen, facial cleanser, acne treatment,
pain relief. Restricted in Japan and Canada.
Health concerns: Immune system toxicant; may trigger asthma; possible
organ system toxicant; animal studies show endocrine disruption and brain, nervous
system, respiratory and blood effects; possible carcinogen.
- BRONOPOL
Function: Preservative.
Present in: Moisturizer, body wash, facial cleanser, makeup remover,
anti-aging products. Restricted in Canada.
Health concerns: Immune system toxicant; lung and skin toxicant;
animal studies show endocrine disruption and gastrointestinal, brain and nervous
system effects; irritant.
- BUTYL ACETATE
Function: Solvent in polishes and treatments, prevents chipping.
Present in: Nail polish and nail treatments.
Health concerns: Repeated exposure causes skin dryness and cracking;
vapors may induce drowsiness or dizziness; flammable.
- BUTYLATED HYDROXYTOLUENE (BHT)/ BUTYLATED HYDROXYANISOLE (BHA)
Function: Anti-Oxidant; slows down the rate at which product ingredients
change in color.
Present in: Many cosmetics and personal care products, read labels.
Banned by EU.
Health Concerns: Immune system toxicant; endocrine disruptor; probable
human carcinogen; animal studies show brain, liver, neurotoxin, reproductive and
respiratory toxicant.
- ETHOXYLATED INGREDIENTS:CETEARETH/PEG COMPOUNDS
Function: Surfactant, emulsifying or cleansing agent, penetration enhancer.
Present in: Many cosmetics and personal care products, read labels.
Health concerns: Animal studies show brain, nervous system and
sense organ effects; irritant; reproductive and skin toxin, alters skin structure,
allowing other chemicals to penetrate deep into the skin and increasing the amounts
of other chemicals that reach the bloodstream; may contain harmful impurities.
- COAL TAR
Function: Controls itching and eczema, softens and promotes the dissolution
of hard, scaly, rough skin, also used in hair dyes.
Present in: Shampoo and Hair Dye. Banned by Canada and EU.
Health concerns: Known human carcinogen; skin and respiratory toxicant.
- COCAMIDE DEA/ LAURAMIDE DEA
Function: used as foaming agents in shampoos and bath products, and as
emulsifying agents in cosmetics; foaming and cleansing agents for “mouth feel.”
Present in: Many cosmetics and personal care products, read labels.
Health concerns: Human immune system toxicant; forms carcinogenic
nitrosamine compounds if mixed with nitrosating agents; animal studies show sense
organ effects and skin irritation; may contain harmful impurities.
- DIETHANOLAMINE (DEA)
Function: pH adjuster.
Present in: Sunscreen, moisturizer, foundation, hair color.
Health concerns: Skin and immune system toxicant; possible carcinogen;
irritant; animal studies show endocrine disruption and neuro developmental, brain
and nervous system effects; may trigger asthma.
- ETHYL ACETATE
Function: Solvent.
Present in: Nail polish products, mascara, tooth whitening, perfume.
Health concerns: Probable neurotoxin; possible nervous system toxin;
possible carcinogen; irritant; highly flammable
- FORMALDEHYDE
Function: Disinfectant, germicide, fungicide, preservative.
Present in: Deodorant, nail polish, soap, shampoo, shaving cream.
Restricted in Canada. Banned by EU.
Health concerns: Immune system, repertory, hematological, and skin
toxicant; probable carcinogen and cardiovascular toxicant; can damage DNA; may trigger
asthma; animal studies show sense organ, brain, and nervous system effects; possible
human development toxicant.
- FORMALDEHYDE-RELEASING PRESERVATIVES ( QUATERNIUM-15, DMDM HYDANTOIN, DIAZOLIDINYL
UREA AND IMIDAZOLIDINYL UREA, DEA, MEA, TEA)
Function: Anti-microbial preservative.
Present in: Many cosmetics and personal care products, read labels.
Health concerns: Forms nitrosamines when in the presence of amines
such as MEA, DEA and TEA; probable immune system, blood, cardiovascular and skin
toxicant; possible carcinogen; animal studies show endocrine disruption, nervous
system and organ system effects; may contain harmful impurities.
- FRAGRANCE (PARFUM)
Function: Deodorant, masking, perfuming
Present in: Many cosmetics and personal care products, read labels.
Health concerns: Immune system toxicant; possible neurotoxin; can
contain between 10 and 300 different chemicals, many of which have never been tested
for safety; see phthalates. Labeling can be confusing. If uncertain, check with
manufacture.
- HYDROQUINONE
Function: Antioxidant, fragrance ingredient, skin bleaching agent, hair
colorant.
Present in: Skin fading/lightener, facial moisturizer, anti-aging,
sunscreen, hair color, facial cleanser and moisturizer. Restricted in Canada.
Health concerns: Immune system and respiratory toxicant; probable
neurotoxin; possible carcinogen; irritant; animal studies show endocrine disruption.
- IODOPROPYNYL BUTYLCARBAMATE
Function: Preservative.
Present in: Many cosmetics and personal care products, read labels.
Restricted in Japan.
Health concerns: Human toxicant; possible liver immune system toxin;
allergenic.
- LEAD and LEAD COMPOUNDS
Function: Colorant.
Present in: Hair dye, hair products. Traces found in some red lipstick.
Restricted in Canada.
Health concerns: Probable carcinogen; developmental, respiratory,
gastrointestinal and reproductive toxicant; reduced fertility; animal studies show
metabolic, brain and nervous system effects; suspected nano-scale ingredients with
potential to absorb into the skin
- METHYLISOTHIAZOLINONE (MI/MCI) and METHYLCHLOROISOTHAIZOLINONE
Function: Preservative.
Present in: Many cosmetics and personal care products, read labels.
Restricted in Canada and Japan.
Health concerns: Immune system toxicant; animal studies show restricted
growth of the axons and dendrites of immature nerves, neurotoxicity and positive
mutation results; can lead to a malfunction in the way neurons communicate with
each other; especially detrimental to a developing nervous system.
- OXYBENZONE (BENZPENONE-3)
Function: Sunscreen Agent; Ultraviolet Light Absorber, UV Absorber; UV
Filter.
Present in: Sunscreens and makeup
Health concerns: Associated with photoallergic reactions and immunotoxicity.
Probable carcinogen and endocrine disrupter; Enhanced skin absorption and bioaccumulates
to dangerous levels; biochemical cellular changes. Developmental and reproductive
toxicity.
- PARABENS (METHYL, ETHYL, PROPYL AND BUTYL)
Function: Preservative and anti-bacterial agent.
Present in: Many cosmetics and personal care products, read labels.
Health concerns: May alter hormone levels, possibly increasing
risk for certain types of cancer, impaired fertility, or alteration of the development
of a fetus or young child; studies have found parabens in breast tumors; probable
skin toxicant; animal studies show brain and nervous system effects.
- PETROLATUM (PETROLEUM)
Function: Forms barrier on skin; makes lipsticks shine and creams smoother;
inexpensive skin softener.
Present in: Many cosmetics and personal care products, read labels.
Banned by EU.
Health concerns: May be contaminated with impurities, linked to
cancer or other significant health problems.
- PHTHALATES (DIBUTYL PHTHALATES)
Function: Fragrance ingredient, plasticizer, solvent.
Present in: Many cosmetics and personal care products, read labels.
Banned in EU.
Health concerns: Immune system toxicant; developmental and reproductive
toxin; respiratory toxicant; probable neurotoxin; possible carcinogen and endocrine
disruptor; bio-accumulative in wildlife.
- P-PHENYLENEDIAMINE (PPD)
Function: Hair colorant.
Present in: Hair dye, shampoo, hair spray. Restricted in Canada.
Health concerns: Immune system and respiratory toxicant; probable
neurotoxin; eczema; possible nervous system, skin, kidney and liver toxicant; irritant;
may trigger asthma and gastritis; shown to cause cancer in animal studies.
- PROPYLENE GLYCOL
Function: Solvent, penetration enhancer, conditions skin, controls viscosity
and keeps products from melting in high or freezing when it is cold.
Present in: Many cosmetics and personal care products, read labels.
Health concerns: Alters skin structure, allowing other chemicals
to penetrate deep into the skin and increasing the amounts of other chemicals that
reach the bloodstream; animal studies show reproductive effects, positive mutation
results, brain and nervous system effects and endocrine disruption.
- SODIUM LAURETH SULFATE
Function: Surfactant, penetration enhancer.
Present in: Many cosmetics and personal care products, read labels.
Health concerns: Alters skin structure, allowing other chemicals
to penetrate deep into the skin, increasing the amounts of other chemicals that
reach the bloodstream; Irritant; animal studies show sense organ effects.
- TALC
Function: Absorbs moisture, anti-caking agent, bulking agent.
Present in: Blush, powder, eye shadow, baby powder, deodorant.
Health concerns: Carcinogen; link between talcum powder and ovarian
cancer; talc particles are similar to asbestos particles and data suggests that
it can cause tumors in the lungs; probable respiratory toxin.
- TOLUENE
Function: Antioxidant, solvent to improve adhesion and gloss.
Present in: Nail polish and hair dye.
Health concerns: Liver toxin; probable developmental, nervous system
and respiratory toxin; possible cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, renal and sense
organ toxin; possible carcinogen and reproductive toxin; irritant; highly flammable.
- TRICLOSAN
Function: Anti-bacterial agent, deodorant, preservative, biocide. Reduces
and controls bacterial contamination on the hands and on treated products.
Present in: Antibacterial soaps, deodorants, toothpastes, mouthwashes,
face wash and cleaning supplies. Restricted in Japan and Canada.
Health concerns: Probable endocrine disrupter and carcinogen; easily
bio-accumulates to dangerous levels; irritant; animal studies show reproductive
and other broad systematic effects; potentially contaminated with impurities linked
to cancer and other significant health problems; studies have shown it can actually
induce cell death when used in mouth washes.
- TREITHANOLAMINE (TEA)
Function: Fragrance ingredient, pH adjuster, surfactant.
Present in: Hand & body lotion, shaving creams, soap, shampoo,
bath powders and moisturizer.
Health concerns: Immune system toxicant; possible carcinogen; animal
studies show endocrine disruption; may trigger asthma; forms carcinogenic nitrosamine
compounds if mixed with nitrosating agents.
- 1,4 DIOXANE
Function: Penetration enhancer
Present in: Body lotion, moisturizers, sunless tanning products,
baby soap, anti-aging products..
Health concerns: EPA classifies it as a probable carcinogen found
in 46 of 100 personal care products marketed as organic or natural, and the National
Toxicology Program considers it a known animal carcinogen. Acute (short-term) inhalation
exposure to high levels of 1,4 dioxane has caused vertigo, drowsiness, headache,
anorexia and irritation of the eyes, nose, throat and lungs of humans. It may also
irritate the skin.